Speed-controlling device



F. D. HALLOCK ET AL.

SPEED CONTROLLING DEVICE jam, 1 1924 Filed Jan. 16. 1919 WITNESSES:

INVEN 0R3 Patented Jain. i1, 119241.

K ANT) LEWIS WARRINGTON CHUBB, 01F PITTSBURGH, AND

FLETCHER D. l!

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CHARLES T. GUILDFORD, OF EAST PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNO-RS TO\VESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPOTION PENNSYLVSPEED-CONTROLLING DEVICE.

Application filed January 16, 1919. aerial No. mace.

in Speed-Controlling Devices, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to speed-controlled mechanisms and it has specialrelation to electrically-operated spinning machines.

In ring spinning, the spindles, which carry the bobbins upon which theyarn is Wound are each mounted in the center of a ring. 1

These rings are mounted upon a ring rail which is moved upwardly anddownwardly during the rotation of the spindles in order to impart to theyarn the helical form which it finally assumes upon the bobbin. As theyarn is fed from the front rolls to the bobbin, through the travellerwhich ro-- tates about the ring, the tension on the yarn varies with theposition of the ring rail and also with the diameter of the cop as it isformed upon the bobbin. If the spindles should be rotated at uniformspeed through out the spinning operation, therefore, the yarn would varyin character in accordance with variations in tension. It is requisite,therefore, that the yarn be maintained at approximately constant tensionduring the spinning operation.

An object of our invention is to provide a ring spinning frame in whichthe speed of rotation of the spindles will be varied in accordance withthe position of the ring rail or in accordance with the diameter of thecop, or both, so as to compensate for the variable tensionupon the yarn,caused by the position of the-ring rail, the diameter of cop, or both.

A further object of our invention is to provide a spinning frame whichshall be operated by a constant-speed motor;

According to the specific embodiment of our invention herein illustratedand described, we mount upon the spinning-frame cylinder shaft, thecylinder of which causes the rotation of the spindles, a friction diskto which motion is transmitted by a second friction disk which isdirectly rotated by a constant-speed motor. The relative positions ofthe disks and, therefore, the speed of the cylinder shaft, is determinedby the position of the rin rail, or by the diameter of the cop, or botii.

Our invention may best be understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in which Fig. 1 is an end elevation of a spin ning frameequipped with our invention; Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same,partly in section; Figs. 3 and 4 are front and side elevations,respectively, of a detail of a modification, and Figs. 5 and 6 are viewsof two different types of cops.

A constant-speed motor 1 is connected through friction disks 21 and 20,to a cylinder shaft 2, from the cylinder 2 of which a plurality ofspindles 3 are operated, in the usual manner, by means of suitable belts4. Each spindle 3 is rotatably mounted upon a fixed rail 5 and projectsupwardly through the opening 6 of a ring 6* in a ring rail 7, around theflange of which ring 6 is dragged, by the tension on the yarn, atraveller or small steel bow 8, through which the yarn is fed from thefront rolls to the bobbin. The circular movement of the traveller 8serves to initially twist the yarn.

The rin rail 7 is supported upon a plurality o rods 9 (only one beingshown), which are pivotally connected to the outer ends of rocker arms10. The rocker arms 10 are rigidly fastened to an operating shaft 11 towhich is rigidly fastened a lever arm 18, the top of which is moved backand forth through an arc, with the shaft 11 as a center, for the purposeof imparting a rising and falling movement to the ring rail 7. Acounter-weight 12 is secured to the shaft 11 inorder to maintain asmooth to the top of the bobbin, are effected by the well known buildermechanism, comprising a rotatable cam 13, a pivoted arm 15 actuatedthereby, a hook or link 16 connected to the outer end of the arm 15, anda chain 17 connecting the hook 16 to the arm 18, through a swivelconnection 19. .The builder mechanism comprises also the usual worm,worm shaft, ratchet gear and pawl for controlling the successive rangesof movement of the rin rail 7, these parts being omitted from t edrawing for simplicitys sake. 1

We mount the friction disk 20 upon the cylinder shaft 2, to be engagedby the rotatable friction disk 21 which is slidably mounted upon therotor shaft 22 of the motor .1. The disk 21 is reciprocated along theshaft 22 by an arm 23, which is pivotally mounted at 24: upon the ringframe, and is adapted to be actuated about its pivot by a suitablydesigned cam 25, mounted upon the same shaft as, or otherwisemechanically connected to, the cam 13. The arm 23 is actuated inopposition to the actuation of the cam 25, and a roller 25*, carried bythe arm 23, is maintained in engagement with said cam, by a spring 26.The cams 13 and 25 are here shown as actuated by the motor 1', through asystem of gearing 27, so that thesame source of power which causes.rotation of the spindles 3 serves to reciprocate the rin rail 7. Otherforms of driving mechanism for the cams are within the scope of ourinvention.

The operation is as follows: The rotation of the motor 1 imparts to thecylinder 2, through the friction disks 20 and 21, a rotativemovementwhich, in turn, is transmitted through the belts 4, to thespindles 3. The yarn, which is to be wound upon the spindles, is fedfrom the front rolls (not shown) through the travellers 8 which, if thering rail 7 were stationary and if no yarn were fed from the frontrolls, would be rotated on their supporting rings at the same speed asthe spindles 3, and twist would thus be imparted to the yarn between thespindles and the front rolls. But, as the yarn is fed uniformly from thefront rolls to the traveller, the peripheral speed of the travellerslips behind that caused by the spindle an amount equal to the length ofthe yarn fed out and this permits the twisted yarn to be wound on thebobbin. The reciprocation of the ring rail 7 imparts to the yarn, as itis fed from the front rolls, a motion of translation in addition to itsrotative movement caused by the spindles 3, which is for the purpose ofarranging the yarn in layers for convenience in unwinding in the nextprocess.

The machine illustrated in Fig. 1 is designed for spinningconically-wound cops (usual for filler yarn) of the type illustrated inFig. 5. Each layer of yarn is spun and wound from empty bobbin at 28 tofull bobbin at 29 in the form of a series of cones of yarn, one layerthick, each of the same altitude and-each placed immediately above thepreceding layer. The layers of yarn are necessarily placed at higheraltitudes upon the spindle by the ring rail 7,'which is actuated by thebuilder mechanism through a series of up-and-down movements of equallength, but differently positioned in height with respect to thespindles 3. With the cams illustrated at 13 and 25, the ring rail 7 willbe actuated through three successive up and down movements or threecycles, each cycle being from 29 to 28 and back to 29, during onerotation of the cam shaft. Each cycle will cause the winding of twolayers of yarn before the ratchet gear (not shown), of the buildermechanism will cause the ring rail 7 to begin another series ofupand-down movements upon a higher level.

This method of winding requires a decrease in spindle speed from 29, thethen lower limit of travel of the ring rail 7, which represents spinningat full bobbin, to 28,

the then upper limit of travel of the ring rail, which representsspinning at empty bobbin. This decrease in speed is not umform butinvolves a small change in its rate of decrease, permissible because ofthe resultant change in tension on the yarn due to the upward movementof the ring rail 7 and the consequent shortening of the length of yarnbetween. the ring rail and yarn guide. On the reverse movement, that is,from 28 to 29, an increase in speed is required with a small change inthe rate of increase because of the change in tension of the yarn due tothe downward movement of the ring rail and the consequent lengthening ofthe yarn between the ring rail and the yarn guide.

These speed changes are efiected by a suitably designed cam 25 whichwill give the same number of complete cycles of speed changes during onerevolution of the cam shaft as are produced by the ring rail cam 13,together with the proper rates of increase and decrease of speed duringthe cycle to compensate for the upward and downward movement of the ringrail.

The parts are thus sodesigned that, when the yarn is being wound on thesmallest diameter of the cop, the disk 21 is in the full line positionof Fig. 1, so that the speed of rotation of the spindles 3 is smallerthan at any other time, and the ring rail is at the upper limit of itsreciprocating movement.

In the case of warp bobbins, each layer is spun and wound on a givendiameter of bobbin from successively lowered tops to suecessivelyheightened bottoms as shown in Fig. 6, beginning at empty bobbin 30, 31and ending with full bobbin 32, 33.

This methgd of winding requires a different average spindle speed foreach layer, but I changing within narrow limits as the ring rail ascendsor descends, to compensate for the change of tension caused by theposition of the ring rail.

These speed changes are effected by a specially designed cam whichreplaces the cam 25. This cam, shown in Figs. 3 and 4, comprises aseries of cam surfaces ranging from the minimum to the maximum diameterrequired to give the successive speed changes obtained between theextreme positions of the arm 23. Each of the series of cam surfaces isdesigned to give the necessary reciprocating movement of the arm 23through a short distance to compensate for the yarn tension due to theposition of the ring rail. This series of cam surfaces is in the form ofhelically arranged, semi-heart-shaped, rectangular grooves 34 cut in atruncated cone 35, in which groove the guiding roller 25 on the arm 23moves. This cone of cam surfaces is free to slide along its shaft but isrotatably fixed thereto. The cam 13 of Fig. 1 is replaced by aheart-shaped cam 36.

The operation is as follows: when the bobbins are empty, the cam roller25 is at 37, shown in Fig. 4, and the arm 23 is in the full-lineposition, shown in Fig. 1, which gives nearly the minimum speed to thespindles As the cam revolves, the roller 25 follows the grooves 34 and,during one revolution, gives a reciprocating movement to the arm 23through a range wide enough to compensate for the upward and downwardmovement of the ring rail 7. The roller then reaches the point 38(automatically shifting the cam 35 along the shaft) which permits thearm 23 to shift one step away from the full-line position and thus giveto the spindles 3 a higher mean speed, which is permissible with theincreased diameter of the cop produced by the added two ayers of yarn.The cam 34 gives the same reciprocating movement to the arm 23 tocompensate for the varying tension on the yarn produced by the upwardand downward movement of the ring rail. The roller then passesautomatically to the points 39, 40, etc., repeating the operations untilthe bobbin is completely filled, as shown in Fi .6.

The arm 23 oscillates within small limits, while assuming successivepositions between the extreme full-line and dotted-line, illustratedpositions. These successive positions correspond to successive increasesof speed of the spindle 3, in accordance with the diameter of the cop,and the small oscillations compensate for differences in tension on theyarn caused by the rail 7.

By means of a suitably designed cam, it is thus possible to obtain auniform tension, and hence, a uniform thickness of the 'yarn, byproviding for an increase in the rotation of the spindles 3 when thetension on the yarn is decreasing, and for a decrease when the tensionis increasing. It will be obvious, however, that our invention is by nomeans restricted to spinning machinery. We desire, therefore, that onlysuch limitations shall be placed upon the claims as are directly imposedtherein.

We claim as our invention:

1. In a spinning machine, the combination with a reciprocable ring railfor carrying a ring surrounding a spindle, and a rotatable shaft forrotating sa'd spindle, of a friction disk rotatable with said shaft, aconstantspeed motor, a friction disk rotatable by said motor forengaging said first-named friction disk to cause rotation of said shaft,and means operatively connected to said motor for moving saidsecond-named disk toward and away from, the center of rotation of saidfirst-named disk in accordance with the positionof said ring rail.

position of the ring 2. In a splnning machine, thecombination speedmotor, a friction disk rotatable by said motor for engaging saidfirst-named friction disk to \cause rotation of said shaft, a rotatablecam controlled by said motor for reciprocating said ring rail, and a cammechanically connected to said first-named cam for actuating saidsecond-named disk toward and away fronr the center of rotation of saidfirst-named disk. 3. In a spinning machine, the combination with a ringrail that is movable through a predetermined cycle and a rotatablespindle adjacent thereto, of means comprising a constant-speed motor foractuating said ring rail and said spindle and means comprising twofriction disks and a cammechanism operatively connected to said motorfor controlling the operative relation of said disks to vary the speedof said spindle in accordance with the position of said ring rail in itscycle.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names this 27thday of Dec, 1918.

FLETCHER D. HALLOCK.

LEVVI S WARRINGTON CHUBB.

CHARLES T. GUILDFORD.

